binary compounds of hydrogen that are gases at room temperature

Hydrogen = H2. Binary compounds containing only hydrogen and a halogen are hydrogen halides. The 13 elements that are room temperature gases are radon (Rn), xenon (Xe), krypton (Kr), argon (Ar), chlorine (Cl), neon (Ne), fluorine (F), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), helium (He) and hydrogen (H). The reactions become more exothermic and vigorous as the electronegativity of the nonmetal increases. The largest use for hydrogen fluoride is in production of hydrochlorofluorocarbons for refrigerants, in plastics, and in propellants. b. are all gases at room temperature. The acid is also important in the production of other inorganic fluorides (such as BF3), which serve as catalysts in the industrial synthesis of certain organic compounds. So butan-1-ol has weaker intermolecular forces and will go into the vapour phase easier than propanoic acid. For example, as shown in [link], iron in dilute hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen gas and iron(II) chloride: It is possible to produce hydrogen from the reaction of hydrides of the active metals, which contain the very strongly basic H− anion, with water: Metal hydrides are expensive but convenient sources of hydrogen, especially where space and weight are important factors. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. For brevity, we will discuss only a few hydrogen compounds of the nonmetals here. However, the simplest type are called "alkanes". The structure of ammonia is shown with a central nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms. Ammonia burns in air, giving NO and water. The following 5 element gases are found as diatomic molecules at room temperature and pressure: 1. (credit: “reynermedia”/Flickr), \({\text{H}}_{2}\left(g\right)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}+\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\text{MnO}}_{2}\left(s\right)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\stackrel{\phantom{\rule{0.4em}{0ex}}\text{Δ}\phantom{\rule{0.4em}{0ex}}}{\to }\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{MnO}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}\left(g\right)\), \({\text{Mg}}_{3}{\text{N}}_{2}\left(s\right)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}+\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\text{6H}}_{2}\text{O}\left(l\right)\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}⟶\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{3Mg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{2}\left(s\right)+{\text{2NH}}_{3}\left(g\right)\), \({\text{N}}_{2}\left(g\right)+{\text{3H}}_{2}\left(g\right)\stackrel{\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{catalyst}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}}{\text{⇌}}{\text{2NH}}_{3}\left(g\right)\phantom{\rule{5em}{0ex}}\text{Δ}H\text{°}=\text{−92 kJ}\). Ammonia also forms when ionic nitrides react with water. The acid-base reaction with the weakly acidic ammonium ion gives ammonia, illustrated in [link]. Some rockets use hydrazine as a fuel. The heavier halide ions (Cl−, Br−, and I−) can act as reducing agents, and the lighter halogens or other oxidizing agents will oxidize them: Hydrofluoric acid is unique in its reactions with sand (silicon dioxide) and with glass, which is a mixture of silicates: The volatile silicon tetrafluoride escapes from these reactions. Water is the most abundant compound of hydrogen found on earth. However, it can be oxidized. With the exception of hydrogen fluoride, which has a strong hydrogen-fluoride bond, they are strong acids. For example, H 2 O is a molecular compound because it contains two elements: hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is an important part of petroleum, many minerals, cellulose and starch, sugar, fats, oils, alcohols, acids, and thousands of other substances. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 license. Hydrogen chloride gas and hydrochloric … The electronegativity of the nonmetals is greater than that of hydrogen. The net reaction is: This is the most convenient laboratory method of producing hydrogen. In acidic solutions, hydrogen sulfide reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+, MnO4−MnO4− to Mn2+, Cr2O72−Cr2O72− to Cr3+, and HNO3 to NO2. A considerable amount is also important for the activation of oil wells and as pickle liquor—an acid used to remove oxide coating from iron or steel that is to be galvanized, tinned, or enameled. Hydrogen is an important part of petroleum, many minerals, cellulose and starch, sugar, fats, oils, alcohols, acids, and thousands of other substances.

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